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Abstract Infovet Juni 2015

Industry Leaders Sign Agreement to Create Pig Farm of The Future In China

Global animal health leader Alltech has signed a memorandum of understanding with Jiangsu Guo Ming Agricultural Development Company at the China Animal Husbandry Expo in Chongqing, confirming the companies’ commitment to work together to open a new pig farm in Shuyang, Jiangsu Province, China.
 Five companies have come together to support Jiangsu Guo Ming in the development of the farm in their respective areas of expertise. Alltech will provide animal nutrition solutions, Big Dutchman and Betco will work together on the equipment, facility and house design, PIC will provide genetics and Pipestone will offer management support.
The farm, which will take approximately two years to complete, will rely on the expertise of industry leaders to develop a farm that will model to farmers and processors how using the latest technologies, including nutrigenomics, can maximise productivity.  The farm will house 5,000 sows and in a second phase expand to include grower-finisher barns.  The end goal is to produce antibiotic free, natural pork products in a highly efficient manner with far less environmental impact than today’s farming practices.
 “The pig industry in China is transforming from scattered small farms to large-scale farming, and there are lots of opportunities for growth. This new farm will need comprehensive technology, thus we are partnering with industry leaders to maximise productivity,” said Guoming Pan, president of Jiangsu Guo Ming.
Jiangsu Guo Ming aims to create a farm that is environmentally sustainable with high standards for animal welfare.  In addition to ensuring traceability from seed to feed, a key objective is to produce a model for manure management that can be replicated on farms in China.
“Alltech is guided by our ACE principle, which stands for benefit and safety to the Animal, Consumer and Environment, and the base of our products has always been natural. We are proud to work with Jiangsu Guo Ming and other industry leaders to develop a farm that follows this principle and uses the latest technologies to maximise productivity,” said Dr. Mark Lyons, Alltech vice president and director of China business operations. “I am confident that Alltech’s contribution, backed by 35 years of experience, will be significant in helping pigs achieve their genetic potential through nutrition.”
The agreement was signed by representatives from six companies: Guoming Pan, president of Jiangsu Guoming; Fred Barnard, COO of Betco Asia; Nigel Goode, president of Pig Business Unit, Big Dutchman; Martin Butler, China director, Pipestone; Sean Teng, key account director, PIC China and Michael Woolsey, senior regulatory strategic manager, Alltech China.

Abstract Infovet September 2007

To strengthen the control of Avian Influenza (AI) in animals, Ministry of Agriculture had established Campaign Management Unit (CMU) within the Animal Health Directorate. The central management unit is operating through 9 regional operational units based nine Disease Investigation Centers in Provincial Level.

The envolvement of community especially related with animal production and health industry is essential in ensuring achievement of the program. Indonesia Veterinary Drug Association (ASOHI) as an organization comprising veterinary drug companies is directly relating with animal health program since its role in supplying biologicals and disinfectants as well as human resources such as veterinary technical representatives in the field.

The cooperation between ASOHI and CMU is being formulated to cover central and provincial level. In central level various activity will be implemented, namely:

- To prepare coordination on operational cooperation with all stakeholders.
- To formulate AI action plan.
- To monitor and evaluate mutual activity program.
- To coordinate with other institutions in AI control.

In provincial level will be implemented, namely:

- Periodic meeting between provincial CMU/LDCC, PDS/PDR with ASOHI provincial chapter, to coordinate technical services and discussion, relating with development of AI in each area, to formulate action plan on AI control in the community.
- Promoting AI control in the field.
- To send suspected AI samples to government laboratory and accredited private laboratory.
- To encourage capability of AI diagnosis in the field through short training to optimize early detection and early response.
It is hoped that cooperation with other associations related with poultry industry will also be implemented to optimize AI control.


Problem of Immunosuppresive Disease

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) or Gumboro, is one of important poultry disease, caused by viral infection, characterized with immunosuppressive, potentially cause high economic loss.

Some of farmers were disappointed that vaccination program is not totally guarantee the protection against this disease. As immunosuppressive disease, the presence of IBD could be easing infection of other diseases.

For broiler farmers IBD is really frightened since it could attack chicken in early period or prior to be harvested. The effective way to protect DOC (day old chick) against IBD is through maternal immunity by maintaining high level of humoral antibody in the parent stock.

There are 3 kind of preventive measure against early infection of the virus, namely:

- To prevent contact between chicken with Gumboro virus.
- To vaccinate parent stock
- To vaccinate DOC in early period with active and non virulent vaccine.


First Human Case of AI in Bali

First human case of AI (Avian Influenza) in Bali was reported on August 12th, 2007. the team of Ministry of Public Health and Consultant investigator of World Health Organization (WHO) had collected blood samples from the victim’s family in Dakin Tukad Aya village, Jembrana District. Further studies should be provided to conclude virus transmission.

Bali Province had been decided by Ministry of Agriculture as the first priority in controlling AI. Total cases of AI on human in Indonesia since the year 2005 had reported 104 persons infected, including 83 mortalities.

Dr Tri Satya Putri, vice chairman of National Commission for AI control appeal to the Government that recent outbreak of AI not be treated as ordinary cases, since the outbreak in poultry cause high mortality. She considered that action taken by Government is still slow.


Technical Sales Representatives

Technical sales representatives (TS) is officer in charge of animal health companies in the field. The presence of TS is very essential in providing information and services to the farmers, related with animal health problem and veterinary drug application.

Coverage of each TS in conducting their duties in certain area is decided by the companies, based on technical as well as economic consideration. In some areas there are independent or “freelance” TS, since they are not recruited by any companies, as they could sell products of various manufactures.

Many cases of conflict of interest between independent TS and certain companies, since they can sell the products in lower price as ability to operate the business in efficient way. The most important condition is they should run their business in line with regulation, in providing services to the farmers only market registered products.

Abstract Edisi 169 Agustus 2008

Abstract Edisi 169 Agustus 2008

5 Years of AI in Indonesia

The cases of AI (Avian Influenza) which was firstly reported in Indonesia since August 2003, and after that the disease quickly spread throughout and the provinces in Java and then most part of Indonesia.
After five years against this exotic disease, by vaccination program, sanitation as well as hygienic measures poultry farmers adapted to this kind of condition. Poultry industry is really prospective, since the product are needed by the people and the demand is continuously increasing.
To face the challenging situation to enable for survival, poultry farmers should be smart, creative, innovative and properly implementing technology development. We should be caution to AI and maximizing preventive measures, but we should not consider the disease as the constraint for developing poultry industry in Indonesia.
Some of farmers are aware that the prospect of poultry farming is still favourable, but they desperate with increasing production cost as the price of farming input specially feed is continuously increasing, higher than the increase of poultry product price.

Role of Poultry Market in the Spread of AI

Based on the WHO (World Health Organization) report up to may 2008, total cases up AI (Avian Influenza) in the world are 383 cases with totality 241 people. The cases of AI in Indonesia is the highest, as total cases reach 135 cases cause human victim, the death of 110 people.
Referring to the workshop on live bird market / traditional market, sponsored by FBPI (National Committee on Avian Influenza), USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) and CIVAS (Centre for Indonesian Veterinary Analytical Studies), There are four critical points in poultry distribution chain, namely poultry farming, poultry collecting places, poultry slaughter houses as well as products and live birds market.
The whole market in Asian countries is centre for social and economic activity, but the markets are also able as source of zoonotic disease spreading. The first cases of AI in Hong Kong on 1997 happened in poultry farming and poultry traditional market, it is the first reported H5N1 cases, the fatality of 6 people in 18 cases.
The condition which is found in live birds market:
- No routine animal health inspection to live birds and their products
- Poor bio security
- No program for cleaning and disinfection on transportation vehicles, equipment baskets and buildings.
- No clear border between collective places, slaughtering and selling of poultry and their product with other comodities.
- Source, origin and animal health status of poultry and their products is not clear.
- Poultry transportation vehicles (motor cycles) are not fit with animal welfare standard.
- No special door for entrance and exit of live bird.
- Collecting places and poultry slaughter houses are not fulfill hygienic standard.
- Selling of multi species of bird (native chicken, duck, commercial, chicken, etc)
- Selling of live bird, brought by consumers
- No regulation for arrangement of live bird and their product in market
- Poor personal hygiene
- Not adequate awareness of sellers and consumer to the healthy products.
If AI eradication is still to be priority, poultry market should be properly arranged to fulfill the standard through establish the models of poultry market

Chicken Egg Price

Increase of production cost, caused by higher price of feed raw materials will directly influence cost of good produced.The components to form cost of egg produced, namely: feed, operational cost, pullet depreciation, infrastructure and investment depreciation, marketing cost, medicaments and others. The problem is how poultry farmers will be able to make lower cost of egg produced in order reaching competitiveness in layer farming and to get profit.
Ideal farming in the perspective of layer farming management is “low cost – high performance”, the enterprise usually having slender organization, good team work with order job description and no interval conflict.
To reach efficiency, the ratio should be well management, namely:
- Population Ratio, comparison between productive layer and total workers, the ration should be less than 2.000 head of productive layer for each worker.
- Operational Cost Ratio, to minimize fixed cost and maximizing variable cost
- Feed Conversion Ratio, to save feed consumption without sacrificing productivity
- Layer Productivity Ratio, referring to proper and complete recording, egg production should be able to reach 20 kg/head in 76-80 weeks of age

To Minimize Meat Importation

The dependency on imported meat is a big problem in Indonesia, since local products are only able to supply 72% of the demand. According to Dr Tjeppy D Soedjana, Director General of Livestock Services (DGLS) in official opening of “Socialization on Acceleration of Meat Self Supporting Achievement” in Bandung, the desired condition in 2010 is supply of imported meat should less than 10%. The Government had allocated the fund to construct biogas, meat kiosk, integration of mixed farming, conservation of livestock farming area, conservation of river flow area, field training as well as irrigation of surface soil.
This program will be implemented in 16 districts and 2 cities in West Java province. The constraint of this program is lack of technical human resources and infrastructure in the field.

Abstract Infovet Agustus 2007


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Latest Development of AI

Avian Influenza (AI) caused by AI virus in poultry industry considered as strategic disease. Office Internationale des Epizooties (OIE) classified this disease in List A, since AI is zoonotic and technically and economically cause high economic loss. Highly Pathogenic AI, first identified in Central Java in August 2003 and spread to many different parts of country probably through the movement of poultry.
Some 10.5 million chicken were reportedly lost in 2004 due to disease and culling. Vaccination against HPAI was done early in 2004 and continues to use vaccine in infected zones throughout the country.
To coordinate the control of AI, Campaign Management Unit (CMU) within the Ministry of Agriculture was established in 2006, as guidance in controlling the disease in the field, Standard Operation and Procedure (SOP) had been distributed. Establishment of such institutions in regional and provincial level is being prepared in the provinces, Local Disease Control Center (LDCC) is already founded as projects.
According to the data of (CMU) that last development of HPAI was detected in 122 districts of 444 districts in first quarter 2007. Incidence of HPAI varies across the country
- Endemic in Java, Sumatera and South Sulawesi
- Lower incidence in eastern provinces
- Both commercial and village poultry
- Chickens, quails and ducks affected.
The first human cases of AI was reported in June 2005, latest figure shown that 81 fatalities from 102 cases.

Problem of Pig Farming

Problem of pig farming in Indonesia is very complicated, since the difficulties caused by various factors. To study and analyze the problem, National Seminar entitled “Pig Trading, Movement, Problem and Solution”, sponsored by Indonesia Monogastric Association (AMI) in cooperation with GITA Organizer, had been conducted in Solo on June 27th, 2007. The seminar was attended by pig farmers, farm input suppliers, universities, related institutions of local and central government, and associations in Central Java.
According to Hadi Santosa, Head of Indonesia Veterinary Drug Association (ASOHI) Central Java Chapter that the main problem on pig farming is legal aspect, all stakeholders should concern to the certainty for sustainable pig farming.
Similar opinion was also informed by Kusmaningsih MP, Head of Provincial Livestock Services that constrain for development of pig farming in Central Java is social and religion aspects, since majority of population is Moslem will be resistant to the existence of pig farming.
Location of pig farming formerly remote from people housing and in line with increasing population, based on hygienic consideration the people prefer to close pig farming. The other problem was reminded by Rachmawati Siswadi, President of AMI, that serious problem is poor quality of breed, caused by inbreeding. The prospect of pig farming really promises, since Indonesia as FMD country has opportunity to export the products.

Strengthening Dairy Industry

Supply of milk from domestic product is not sufficient to meet the whole demand causing dependency on imported milk is still high. To strengthen dairy industry in Indonesia is not so difficult, since dairy production center are mainly in West Java and East Java.
Strategic effort to increase productivity of dairy cow should be through breed improvement. Max Dowell, genetician of Cornell University in Holstein Seminar in Padjajaran University, Bandung, suggested that the most suitable dairy cattle for tropical country such as Indonesia is 75% pure line Holstein blood and 25% indigenous blood.
The advantage of this hybrid cow is ability adapting to hot climate, high humidity, resistant to insect and parasites. The other superiority is capability in digesting tropical forages contains high fiber and lignin.

Advantage of Sumbawa Horse Milk

Milk of horse in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara Province is characterized by the stability as not broken or in clod without preservatives. According to Dr Diana Hermawati, former Director of Livestock Product Assay Laboratory, this indicated that the milk contain substance which able to hamper development of bacteria.
In her theses entitled “Study on Activity and Characterization of Antimicrobes in Sumbawa Horse Milk”, concluded natural antimicrobe compound having the role to stability of milk.
Guidance and improvement to the local farmers had been provided more than 5 years, in the aspect of sanitation, hygiene and packaging to maintain the quality. Advantage of Sumbawa horse milk compared with dairy and goat milk is lower content of fat, protein and ash and higher content of lactose, water and the presence of Galactoferin as natural antimicrobe.

Abstract Infovet Edisi 154 Mei 2007


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Avian Influenza on Broiler

The spread of Avian Influenza (AI) is mainly recognized in layer beside on native chicken, cases of AI on broiler is also currently reported. The cases of AI in several broiler chicken farms are confirmed by various resource persons from animal health industries as well as scientist of universities and research institutes.
To prevent further spread of the diseases in a certain farm 60.000 head of 11 days of age broiler chicken had been stamped out. The whole stake holders such as farmers, government institutions and veterinary drug industries should overcome this problem, the effort is really urgent to prevent the worse impact for poultry community.


The Role of Biosecurity

Sanitation on farm environment to control the spread of Avian Influenza (AI) virus is really able to save several poultry farms against the outbreak of AI.

Vaccination program is also needed but it is not absolutely should be done for safety area that able to implement tight biosecurity.In line with sanitation program, restructure of poultry farming and reducing density of chicken is also an important factor to minimize the spread of AI virus. Treatment and proper handling of poultry manure could not be neglected in sanitation measure.

Mobility and entering people as well as vehicles from outside farm area should be minimized and application of disinfectant is a must. Biosecurity should be implemented in the whole chain of production activity as well as post harvest process.


Corn supply of Local Products

Corn is very important commodity in feed industry, since the main component of raw materials on poultry feed (40%-50%) consist of corn. The availability on raw materials of all areas in Indonesia are not similar, as certain regions are able to supply corn in high quantity and the others are abundant with rice bran, the potency in supplying fish meals are also high in coastal areas. Corn production in 2007, is predicted by Statistic Center Agency (BPS) to reach 12,38 million ton of dry corn grain, 913,25 thousand ton (7,29%) increased, compared with in the year 2006.
According to Mr. JC Filippi, Group Chief Executive Officer Gold Coin Group, his feed mill always use first class quality of imported products since the difficulty to get continuous supply of local products with required quality and stable price.
The problem should be faced by farmers is availability facilities for post harvest processing, since the corn need to be properly stored to prevent of the decreased of quality. The continuous supply of quality local products could reduced dependency of imported of corn.


Application of Nuclear Technology

The cooperation between Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Gadjah Mada University and Center for Application of Isotope Technology, National Atomic Energy Agency (PATIR-BATAN) had been conducted through official signing on Minutes of Understanding (MOU) on March 30th, 2007 in Yogyakarta. The objective of this cooperation is the application of nuclear technology to increase farmers welfare in the rural areas.
According to Prof Tri Yuwanto, the Dean of Animal Husbandry Faculty that the cooperation with International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on application of nuclear technology for post graduate students in animal husbandry in the last 5 years had contributed the development of livestock production in the villages.
Mrs. Retraningsih Setjo MSc., Head of PATIR BATAN hoping that implementation of this MOU would be beneficial for both side since lack of human resources is the problem in her institution. In agriculture sector, application of nuclear technology successfully able to produce superior breed such as several varieties of paddy and other plants.

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